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Search: Manuscript Collection in format [X] Photograph Collection in format [X] Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. in subject [X] company orcorporation in keywords [X]	Results: 31 Items
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1	Title:	Council on Human Relations Records
	Creator:	Council on Human Relations
	Dates:	1948-1984
	Abstract:	The Council on Human Relations is an interracial relations council organized in 1955, in Cleveland, Ohio, by a splinter group from the local chapter of the National Conference on Christians and Jews. Its goal is to promote interracial understanding and appreciation through education of children and young adults. The collection consists of minutes, correspondence, brochures, interoffice memos, financial records, newspaper clippings, and program files.
	Call #:	MS 4110
	Extent:	11.00 linear feet (13 containers)
	Subjects:	Council on Human Relations (Cleveland, Ohio). \| Culture conflict -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Ethnic relations. \| Intercultural education -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Prejudices -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Race relations. \| Religion and race. \| Religions -- Relations. \| Social service and race relations -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Ethnic relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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2	Title:	Fannie M. Lewis Papers
	Creator:	Lewis, Fannie M.
	Dates:	1965-1976
	Abstract:	Fannie M. Lewis (1926-2008) was an African American activist and Cleveland, Ohio, councilwoman. She was involved in a number of Hough neighborhood improvement programs, including Community Action for Youth, Neighborhood Youth Corps, Model Cities Association, and the Citizen's Participation Organization. She became a city councilwoman from Cleveland's Ward 7 in 1982. The collection consists of personal papers and the records and subject files relating to Lewis' work with the Model Cities Association, Neighborhood Youth Corps, and other community organizations. Included are articles of incorporation, bylaws, trustee minutes, monthly reports, financial records, proposals, correspondence, memoranda, residency lists, posters, and newspaper clippings. The collection is useful to the study of Cleveland community development programs and Fanny Lewis' efforts with these programs. Some materials relate to racism, politics, and local government in Cleveland during the 1960s and 1970s.
	Call #:	MS 4341
	Extent:	14.00 linear feet (16 containers)
	Subjects:	Lewis, Fannie M., 1926- \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development corporations -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Poor -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Health planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Hough (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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3	Title:	Operation Black Unity Records
	Creator:	Operation Black Unity
	Dates:	1969-1976
	Abstract:	Operation Black Unity was a coalition of groups and people, founded in 1969, interested in the progress of the African American population of Cleveland, Ohio. Membership consisted of churches, black nationalists, and civil rights groups. The organization was co-chaired by Reverend Donald S. Jacobs, Reverend Jonathan Ealy, and William O. Walker. One of its main projects was securing African American ownership of McDonald's restaurants in the city of Cleveland. The collection consists of minutes, reports, speech texts, correspondence, pamphlets, brochures, press releases, newspaper clippings, and miscellaneous memorabilia.
	Call #:	MS 4633
	Extent:	0.10 linear feet (1 container)
	Subjects:	Operation Black Unity. \| McDonald's Corporation. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Minority business enterprises -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Franchises (Retail trade) -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American business enterprises -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Fast food restaurants -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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4	Title:	Daniel Edgar Morgan Papers, Series II
	Creator:	Morgan, Daniel Edgar
	Dates:	1920-1932
	Abstract:	Daniel Edgar Morgan (1877-1949) was a Cleveland, Ohio, lawyer and politician who served as a city councilman, Ohio state senator (1928-1930), Cleveland City Manager (1930-1931), and judge of the Eighth District Court of Appeals (1939-1949). The collection consists of correspondence, reports, financial records, proposals, publications and newspaper clippings relating to Morgan's tenure as Cleveland City Manager.
	Call #:	MS 3676
	Extent:	4.20 linear feet (4 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Morgan, Daniel Edgar, 1877-1949. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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5	Title:	Buckeye-Woodland Community Congress Records
	Creator:	Buckeye-Woodland Community Congress
	Dates:	1970-1988
	Abstract:	The Buckeye-Woodland Community Congress was a neighborhood advocacy group which served as an umbrella organization for over 200 smaller groups in the Buckeye-Woodland area of Cleveland, Ohio, an east side Hungarian community established after 1880 which once held the largest concentration of Hungarians in the United States. By 1972, 43% of the population was African American, with 1/3rd of the Hungarian population over the age of 55. Founded to fight redlining, foreclosures, dishonest real-estate tactics, and insurance cancellations, the group sought also to ease racial tensions while promoting neighborly cooperation and civic improvement. From its founding in 1974 through the 1970s the group assisted citizens with neighborhood problems, but became inactive in the early 1980s and finally disbanded in 1988. The collection consists of minutes, articles of incorporation, constitutions, membership lists, newspaper clippings, financial papers, annual reports, agendas, correspondence, and a subject file. The collection is useful in understanding the development, daily operations, and demise of a neighborhood advocacy group, the issues they pursued, the actions they took, and the people involved. The collection reflects the group's attempts to maintain a diverse community in the face of heavy African American settlement.
	Call #:	MS 4284
	Extent:	5.20 linear feet (7 containers)
	Subjects:	Buckeye-Woodland Community Congress -- Archives. \| Neighborhood -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Buckeye-Woodland (Cleveland, Ohio)
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6	Title:	Urban League of Cleveland Records, Series II
	Creator:	Urban League of Cleveland
	Dates:	1964-1981
	Abstract:	The Urban League of Cleveland was organized in 1917, in Cleveland, Ohio, as the Negro Welfare Association of Cleveland to aid the adjustment of black workers coming to Cleveland during the Great Migration following World War I. Led by Wm. R. Conners for the first 25 years, it joined the National Urban League in 1930 and changed its name to the Urban League of Cleveland in 1940. Formed initially to confront barriers to economic opportunities and find jobs for black workers, by the 1930s the primary goal of the League was the issue of improved housing. Its purpose is interracial planning to help the community devise solutions to social and economic problems. The collection consists of minutes, correspondence, newspaper clippings, reports, contracts, memoranda and other papers relating to the organization's operation, especially Operation Equality, a subdivision of the organization concerned with fair housing issues. This collection is essential for those interested in the issues of race relations and open housing in Cleveland. Records and reports of organizations such as Operation Equality, the Fair Housing Council, which consisted of several local fair housing groups including Operation Equality, and National Neighbors, a national organization which promoted peaceful integration, comprise a large part of the collection.
	Call #:	MS 4206
	Extent:	10.00 linear feet (10 containers)
	Subjects:	Urban League of Cleveland -- Archives. \| African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Discrimination in housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Discrimination in housing -- Law and legislation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Discrimination in employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Affirmative action programs -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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7	Title:	Cleveland: NOW! Records
	Creator:	Cleveland: NOW!
	Dates:	1967-1977
	Abstract:	Cleveland: NOW! was a multiracial joint public and private program for extensive urban renewal and revitalization in Cleveland, Ohio, created by Mayor Carl B. Stokes following the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. on April 4, 1968. The program planned to raise $1.5 billion over ten years. The first 2-year phase called for spending $177 million for projects in eight areas: neighborhood housing rehabilitation; accelerated urban renewal; the creation of 16,000 jobs; expansion of small business opportunities; city planning; health, welfare, and day care centers; summer recreation programs for youth; and the construction of Camp Cleveland. The program was discredited due to the Glenville Shootout of July 23, 1968, a gun battle between police and members of the Black Nationalists Organization of New Libya who obtained weapons with funds received indirectly from Cleveland: NOW! Stokes and the NOW! trustees were sued in 1970 by 8 policemen wounded in the shootout, but the suit was dismissed in 1977. Although Cleveland: NOW! met many of its initial goals, the organization ceased activities for the most part after 1970, and was formally dissolved in 1980. The collection consists of articles of incorporation, minutes, board of trustees records, correspondence, financial records, records of the major programs, publicity information, newspaper clippings, and proceedings of lawsuits. The collection pertains to a dramatic, multiracial attempt on a large scale to address and ameliorate a wide range of social ills by initial infusions of large amounts of money. The financial records and contributors correspondence contain detailed information for a possible demographic examination of contributors to the program.
	Call #:	MS 4501
	Extent:	3.80 linear feet (5 containers)
	Subjects:	Stokes, Carl. \| Evans, Fred (Fred Ahmed), d.1978. \| Cleveland: NOW! -- Archives. \| Cleveland (Ohio). Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities. \| Near West Side Multi-Service Center (Cleveland, Ohio) \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community centers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social action -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Recreation. \| Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing rehabilitation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social work with youth -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Job creation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Fund raising -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Recreation and juvenile delinquency. \| Charities -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Businessmen -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Charitable contributions. \| Camp Cleveland (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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8	Title:	Carl Stokes Papers
	Creator:	Stokes, Carl
	Dates:	1956-1972
	Abstract:	Carl Stokes (1927-1996) was the Mayor of Cleveland, Ohio, from 1967-1971. Stokes was the first African American mayor of a major American city and the first African American Democrat in the Ohio State Legislature, where he served three terms from 1962-1967. As mayor, Stokes launched a number of programs to alleviate the problems of urban decay. Chief among these was Cleveland: NOW!, a joint public and private program with plans to raise $177 million in its first two years to revitalize Cleveland. The program was discredited due to the Glenville Shootout in July, 1968. Under Stokes, Cleveland City Council passed the Equal Employment Opportunity Ordinance, and HUD resumed funding projects aiding in the construction of over 3,000 new low- and middle-income housing units. Stokes became a newscaster with NBC television in 1972, and returned to his law practice in Cleveland in 1980. In 1983, Stokes was elected a municipal court judge. The collection consists of correspondence, memoranda, reports, minutes, and newspaper clippings pertaining to the political career of Carl B. Stokes, including his terms in the Ohio State legislature, his mayoral campaigns, and particularly his tenure as mayor of Cleveland, Ohio. The collection details the organization of the mayor's office, and illustrates the problems that Blacks in the vanguard of social and political progress faced, as well as the challenges faced by any urban leader in the turbulent 1960s and early 1970s. Key events in Stokes' administration are illustrated, including the Glenville Shootout, the hiring and resignation of Safety Director Gen. Ben Davis, the activities of the Mayor's Council on Youth Opportunities, and Cleveland: NOW! The work of then City Council President James Stanton is represented, along with material relating to Stokes' brother Louis. Notable correspondents include Hubert Humphrey, Walter Mondale, Robert F. Kennedy, Spiro Agnew, Cyrus Eaton, Edward Kennedy, George Forbes, Jesse Jackson, and Howard Metzenbaum.
	Call #:	MS 4370
	Extent:	104.51 linear feet (107 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Stokes, Carl. \| Cleveland Metropolitan Housing Authority. \| Cleveland Transit System. \| Cleveland: NOW! \| African American mayors -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Administrative agencies -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Records and correspondence. \| Air -- Pollution -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| City planning -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban renewal -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Urban policy -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Youth -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Glenville Shootout, Cleveland, Ohio, 1968. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Appropriations and expenditures. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Officials and employees. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Economic policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social policy. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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9	Title:	MS 5433 George Forbes Papers, Series II
	Creator:	George Forbes
	Dates:	1945-2014
	Abstract:	George L. Forbes (b. 1931) was arguably the most powerful man in Cleveland politics during the 1970s and 1980s. His position as the President of Cleveland City Council from 1974-1989 was crucial in the relationships he formed with mayors Dennis Kucinich and George Voinovich which were sometimes contentious. He also used this prominent position to promote civil rights and minority-owned businesses. Forbes was born in Memphis, Tennessee, on April 4, 1931, coming to the Cleveland area in the 1950s to earn his degrees from Baldwin Wallace College in 1957 and the Cleveland Marshall College of Law in 1961. A lawyer by profession, Forbes was admitted to both the Ohio and Federal Bars in 1962. In 1963 he was elected to Cleveland City Council, where he served for 27 years. He assisted Carl B. Stokes in his mayoral runs, helped to establish the 21st District Congressional Caucus to improve race relations within the Democratic party, and formed the first African-American law firm in Cleveland. He was also involved in a number of civic organizations, including the Cleveland Chapter of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), where he served as President from 1992-2012, The Urban League, The Council of Economic Opportunity, the Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs, the John Harlan Law Club, and the National Association of Defense Lawyers for Criminal Cases. He was acquitted of bribery, extortion, and theft in office in 1979, has plead guilty to ethics violations in dealing with the Ohio Bureau of Workers Compensation in 2007, and was sanctioned by the Ohio Supreme Court in 2008, which put his law license in jeopardy. During his career he has advocated for the poor and minority groups. He has worked against racial discrimination within a number of organizations, including the Regional Transit Authority and the Cleveland Police Force, created a mandate that a minimum percentage of construction work within the city be done by minority contractors/workers, and battled to improve city schools. The collection consists of awards, certificates, correspondence, financial records, legal documents, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, photographs, posters, research materials, reports, speeches, survey, and audiovisual recordings.
	Call #:	MS 5433
	Extent:	28.01 linear feet (31 containers, including one oversized container and one oversized folder)
	Subjects:	African American lawyers -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| African American politicians -- Ohio -- Cleveland \| Forbes, George L., 1931- \| Cleveland (Ohio). City Council. \| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Cleveland Branch. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Political campaigns -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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10	Title:	Albert M. Pennybacker Papers
	Creator:	Pennybacker, Albert M.
	Dates:	1963-1974
	Abstract:	Albert Pennybacker was a civil rights activist and pastor of Heights Christian Church in the Cleveland, Ohio, suburb of Shaker Heights. The collection consists of correspondence with civil rights workers and organizations, including the Cleveland Board of Education, the League of Women Voters of Shaker Heights, the Welfare Federation, and Rabbi Arthur J. Lelyveld. Also included are committee minutes and reports, newsletters, newspaper clippings, and news releases of groups including the Citizens' Commission of Shaker Heights, the Cleveland Interfaith Housing Corporation, the Emergency Clergy Committee on Civil Rights, Laymen for Civil Rights, and the Ludlow Community Association.
	Call #:	MS 3743
	Extent:	0.40 linear feet (1 container)
	Subjects:	Pennybacker, Albert M., ca. 1930- \| Civil rights movements -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Civil rights workers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Clergy -- Ohio -- Shaker Heights. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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11	Title:	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Cleveland Branch Records
	Creator:	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Cleveland Branch
	Dates:	1922-1969
	Abstract:	The National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP) is a social and political action organization founded in 1912 as a Cleveland, Ohio, branch of the NAACP. Its purpose is to oppose racial inequalities in civil and political rights. The collection consists of reports, minutes, office files, financial records, newspaper clippings, brochures, pamphlets, broadsides, speeches, news releases and insurance policies.
	Call #:	MS 3520
	Extent:	26.40 linear feet (70 containers)
	Subjects:	National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. Cleveland Branch. \| School integration -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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12	Title:	Karamu House Records
	Creator:	Karamu House
	Dates:	1914-1979
	Abstract:	Karamu House was founded in 1915 in Cleveland, Ohio, by Russell W. and Rowena Woodham Jelliffe, in conjunction with the Second Presbyterian Church Men's Club, as the Neighborhood Association (later as the Playhouse Settlement), a settlement house promoting interracial activities and cooperation through the performing arts. The Jelliffes saw a need to provide activities and social services for the city's growing African American population, in order to assist in their transition from rural Southern life to an urban setting. The Playhouse Settlement was renamed Karamu Theater in 1927. By 1941, the entire settlement had taken the name Karamu House. The Dumas Dramatic Club was created to support and encourage interest and activities in the performing arts. In 1922, the theater troupe's name was changed to The Gilpin Players in honor of noted African American actor Charles Gilpin. During the 1920s and 1930s, works by many accomplished playwrights were produced at Karamu, including those of Zora Neale Hurston, Eugene O'Neill, and Langston Hughes, whose career was launched at Karamu. In 1939, the house was destroyed by fire. Rebuilding was not completed until 1949. The Jelliffes' mission of an interracial institution continued until the late 1960s, when, under the leadership of new director Kenneth Snipes, Karamu's mission became one of promoting African-American theater and plays specifically about the African-American experience. During this time a professional troupe of actors was formed. In 1982, Karamu formally returned to its original mission as an interracial organization. The collection consists of articles of incorporation, building construction applications, historical accounts, minutes, records of the Board of Trustees, reports, proposals, publications, financial records, contribution records, correspondence, play scripts and related information, announcements of events, programs, memoranda, date books, guest books, newspaper clippings, subject files, ledgers, scrapbooks, and student enrollment cards. Notable correspondents include Booker T. Washington, W.E.B. DuBois, Ida B. Wells, Hubert Humphrey, Eleanor Roosevelt, A. Phillip Randolph, Coretta Scott King, Carter G. Woodson, Eliot Ness, Walter White, Marian Anderson, W.C. Handy, Zora Neale Hurston, Ethel Waters, Countee Cullen, Arna Bontemps, Harry E. Davis, Harry C. Smith, and Jane Edna Hunter. The majority of the papers date from the period after World War II, particularly the 1950s and 1960s.
	Call #:	MS 4606
	Extent:	79.21 linear feet (92 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Jelliffe, Russell W., 1891-1980. \| Jelliffe, Rowena Woodham, 1892-1992. \| Hughes, Langston, 1902-1967. \| Karamu House. \| Gilpin Players. \| Second Presbyterian Church (Cleveland, Ohio) Men's Club. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans in the performing arts -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American theater -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African American dramatists -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Theater -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Social settlements -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Rural-urban migration -- United States. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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13	Title:	Urban League of Cleveland Records
	Creator:	Urban League of Cleveland
	Dates:	1914-1971
	Abstract:	The Urban League of Cleveland was organized in 1917, in Cleveland, Ohio, as the Negro Welfare Association of Cleveland. It joined the National Urban League in 1930 and changed its name to the Urban League of Cleveland in 1940. Its purpose is interracial planning to help the community devise solutions to social and economic problems. The collection consists of minutes, reports, correspondence, speeches, newspaper clippings, pamphlets, brochures, financial and membership records, and files of Director Ernest Cooper and Deputy-Director Anita Polk.
	Call #:	MS 3573
	Extent:	19.00 linear feet (50 containers and 5 oversize volumes)
	Subjects:	Urban League of Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Social work with. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Community welfare councils -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions.
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14	Title:	Clifford E. Minton Papers
	Creator:	Minton, Clifford E.
	Dates:	1947-1984
	Abstract:	Clifford E. Minton was the director of the Industrial Relations Department of the Urban League of Cleveland, Ohio, following World War II. Minton helped to integrate the white collar work force at such companies as Ohio Bell Telephone and the Cleveland Electric Illuminating Company, as well as department stores, bakeries and delivery services. Minton left Cleveland in 1949 and became executive director of the Urban League of Gary, Indiana. The collection consists of correspondence, speeches, reports, and news clippings. The collection pertains primarily to Minton's work with the Urban League of Cleveland and its efforts to eliminate job discrimination and promote black employment after World War II.
	Call #:	MS 4513
	Extent:	0.20 linear feet (1 container)
	Subjects:	Minton, Clifford E., 1911- \| Urban League of Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Discrimination in employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Affirmative action programs -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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15	Title:	Future Outlook League Records
	Creator:	Future Outlook League
	Dates:	1935-1959
	Abstract:	The Future Outlook League was a Cleveland, Ohio, civil rights organization founded in 1935 by John Oliver Holly to promote employment, mobility, and equality for black youth and young adults in the Central area. Holly, the League's first president, was a political office holder in the area. The idea for the League grew out of dissatisfaction with the achievements of existing Negro organizations concerning employment. The organization appealed to both unskilled and semi-skilled Afro-Americans and was one of the first black organizations in the late 1930s to use picketing and economic boycotts to secure employment for Negroes. Supported primarily by weekly fees assessed to those who obtained jobs through the League, the organization integrated staffs of banks, stores, utilities, and industry. Integration of area neighborhoods was also a concern. The collection consists of minutes, financial materials, subject files, scrapbooks, and membership cards. The collection pertains largely to the establishment of the League and its activities in promoting employment and civil rights on behalf of Cleveland's black community. The membership cards reveal characteristics of that community by providing information on marital status, age, occupation, education, and residence. The scrapbooks detail the League's activities against small, local establishments, as well as national chains, such as the A&P Company, Belle Vernon Products, Lawson's Stores, and People's Drug Stores.
	Call #:	MS 4171
	Extent:	5.91 linear feet (13 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Future Outlook League. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Civil rights -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Employment -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Race discrimination -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Black power -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Boycott -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Picketing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Social conditions.
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16	Title:	Ludlow Community Association Records, Series III
	Creator:	Ludlow Community Association
	Dates:	1952-1995
	Abstract:	The Ludlow Community Association (f. 1957) is "the voice of Ludlow, articulating to the city governments and other agencies Ludlow's concerns and desires." The Ludlow Community Association (LCA) formed from a series of block meetings to discuss the stabilization of the demographically shifting community of Ludlow, a neighborhood in Cleveland and Shaker Heights, Ohio. The main task of the LCA during its conception was to persuade white people to buy homes in Ludlow in order to maintain a racially integrated community. The collection consists of annual reports, meeting minutes, newsletters, newspaper clippings, promotional material, committee and president reports, and various other records.
	Call #:	MS 4981
	Extent:	3.01 linear feet (6 containers and 1 oversize folder)
	Subjects:	Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Community development, Urban -- Ohio -- Shaker Heights. \| Homeowners' associations -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Homeowners' associations -- Ohio -- Shaker Heights. \| Ludlow (Shaker Heights, Ohio) \| Ludlow Community Association. \| Race relations -- United States. \| Shaker Heights (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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17	Title:	Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs Records
	Creator:	Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs
	Dates:	1964-1972
	Abstract:	The Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs (BICCA) was organized in 1964 in Cleveland, Ohio, at a time of unrest in the community, in order to establish communication and develop understanding between leaders of Cleveland's business and African American communities. The BICCA was a committee of the Greater Cleveland Associated Foundation, which provided funding, services, and facilities. Additional financial support was supplied by local corporations. The collection consists of a report on the beginnings and early activity of the Committee, with copies of relevant articles, correspondence, and subcommittee reports, as well as annual reports.
	Call #:	MS 4668
	Extent:	0.10 linear feet (1 container)
	Subjects:	Businessmen's Interracial Committee on Community Affairs (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Greater Cleveland Associated Foundation. \| African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Businessmen -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations -- Economic aspects.
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18	Title:	Leo A. Jackson Papers
	Creator:	Jackson, Leo A.
	Dates:	1943-1996
	Abstract:	Leo Jackson (1920-1996) was an African American attorney and appeals court judge in Cleveland, Ohio. He was a member of Cleveland's city council from 1957-1970 where he represented the Glenville neighborhood and Ward 24. The collection consists of affidavits, agendas, applications, budgets, campaign literature, campaign signs, case files, certificates, charts, correspondence, court documents, expense statements, flyers, forms, journal entries, judicial opinions, lists, magazine articles, magazine clippings, magazines/publications, manuals, maps, meeting minutes, memoranda, newsletters, newspaper articles, newspaper clippings, notes, notices, ordinances, petitions, reports, resolutions, rosters, speeches/statements/remarks, syllabi, thesis, and transcripts. The collection also includes seven audio tapes, four film reels, 37 black and white photographs, and 12 color photographs.
	Call #:	5301
	Extent:	20.51 linear feet (22 containers and 2 oversize folders)
	Subjects:	African Americans -- Ohio -- Cleveland -- Politics and government -- 20th century. \| Glenville (Cleveland, Ohio) -- Politics and government. \| Community development -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| National Association for the Advancement of Colored People. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio). City Council. \| Ohio. Court of Appeals. 8th District.
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19	Title:	Jordan C. Band Papers
	Creator:	Band, Jordan C.
	Dates:	1921-2003
	Abstract:	Jordan C. Band (b. 1923) was a prominent Cleveland, Ohio, area lawyer and social activist. Born and raised in the Cleveland area, Band attended Western Reserve University for two years before being drafted into the Army in 1943. Upon his return home from the war in 1946, he married Alice Glickson, with whom he had three children. He finished his schooling in the Law School of Western Reserve University. Band was hired by law firm Ulmer, Berne, Gordon & Glickman (today known as Ulmer & Berne), where he worked until his retirement in 1994. Band concentrated in real estate and property law, and at one point served as the legal counsel for the Jewish Community Federation of Cleveland. Band was also involved in numerous organizations, both nationally and in the Cleveland area. Nationally, Band served as chairman of the National Jewish Community Relations Advisory Council from 1967-1970. He was the national vice president of the American Jewish Committee from 1975-1980 and a member of the National Urban Coalition, the Conference of Presidents of Major Jewish Organizations, the National Conference on Soviet Jewry, the Bureau for Careers in Jewish Service, the Council of Jewish Federations and Welfare Funds, and the Jewish War Veterans. Locally, Band was deeply involved with the Jewish Community Federation of Cleveland, serving as chairman of several committees. He was also a member of the Community Relations Board of Cleveland from 1970-1980 and 1983-1990. He was co-chairman of the Greater Cleveland Project, chairman of the Greater Cleveland Conference on Religion and Race, and chairman of the Mayor's Committee on Rewriting of Rules Applicable to Deadly Force by Cleveland Police Officers. Further, he was a member of the Greater Cleveland Roundtable Race Relations Committee, the Study Commission on Race Relations at Cleveland State University, the United Torch Allocations Guidelines Committee, and the Shaker Heights Human Rights Commission. Band was an outspoken advocate for social change and civil rights. He spoke publicly about the plight of Soviet Jewry, the perils of segregation, and the responsibility of Jews as social activists. He was active in the civil rights movement of the 1960s and frequently spoke and wrote about Black-Jewish relations. The collection consists of correspondence, awards, speech texts, writings, minutes, and scrapbooks.
	Call #:	MS 5103
	Extent:	3.40 linear feet (4 containers)
	Subjects:	Band, Jordan C. (Jordan Clifford), 1923- \| Jewish Community Federation (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Jews -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Jews, Soviet -- Emigration and immigration. \| Jews -- United States -- Politics and government. \| Lawyers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Civil rights workers -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Ethnic relations.
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20	Title:	Fair Housing Inc. Records
	Creator:	Fair Housing Inc.
	Dates:	1958-1972
	Abstract:	Fair Housing, Inc., was organized in 1962 in Cleveland, Ohio, as an equal opportunity real estate company. It was dissolved in 1972 and succeeded by Stuart E. Wallace & Company. The collection consists of minutes, financial reports, correspondence, newsletters, pamphlets, brochures, newspaper clippings, and miscellaneous materials.
	Call #:	MS 3693
	Extent:	0.80 linear feet (2 containers)
	Subjects:	Fair Housing Inc. (Cleveland, Ohio) \| Segregation -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| African Americans -- Housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Real estate investment trusts -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Real estate business -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Discrimination in housing -- Ohio -- Cleveland. \| Cleveland (Ohio) -- Race relations.
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